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Cognitive Mechanisms Associated with Proneness to Halutinations
Say, Nicolas ; Lukavský, Jiří (advisor) ; Raudenská, Jaroslava (referee)
Hallucinations are often seen as a serious symptom of mental illness. Nonetheless, recent decades have produced a body of evidence that documented the presence of hallucinations even in non-clinical samples. Therefore, focusing on these samples is critical for improving understanding of processes underlying auditory hallucinations. The present study examines cognitive mechanisms that have been proposed to influence proneness to auditory hallucinations. A battery of experimental measures is implemented to assess some of the mechanisms implicated in the aetiology of hallucinations. Source monitoring, cognitive inhibition, bottom-up processes, working memory and traumatic experiences were measured in a laboratory study of 52 participants. Findings suggest that proneness to hallucinations is associated with impaired top-down processing and early traumatic experiences. No association between other cognitive mechanisms and hallucination proneness, contrary to previous evidence, has been found. This indicates that impaired source memory, working memory and bottom-up processing impairments might distinguish clinical and non-clinical hallucinators. An alternative implication of these findings points at issues with reproducibility in the hallucination research. Keywords: Auditory verbal hallucinations,...
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Cognitive Mechanisms Associated with Proneness to Halutinations
Say, Nicolas ; Lukavský, Jiří (advisor) ; Raudenská, Jaroslava (referee)
Hallucinations are often seen as a serious symptom of mental illness. Nonetheless, recent decades have produced a body of evidence that documented the presence of hallucinations even in non-clinical samples. Therefore, focusing on these samples is critical for improving understanding of processes underlying auditory hallucinations. The present study examines cognitive mechanisms that have been proposed to influence proneness to auditory hallucinations. A battery of experimental measures is implemented to assess some of the mechanisms implicated in the aetiology of hallucinations. Source monitoring, cognitive inhibition, bottom-up processes, working memory and traumatic experiences were measured in a laboratory study of 52 participants. Findings suggest that proneness to hallucinations is associated with impaired top-down processing and early traumatic experiences. No association between other cognitive mechanisms and hallucination proneness, contrary to previous evidence, has been found. This indicates that impaired source memory, working memory and bottom-up processing impairments might distinguish clinical and non-clinical hallucinators. An alternative implication of these findings points at issues with reproducibility in the hallucination research. Keywords: Auditory verbal hallucinations,...
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